INTRODUCTION:
Kohl, also known as Surma, is a traditional eye cosmetic that has been used for centuries across South Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, and parts of the Mediterranean. It is typically made from natural minerals such as galena (lead sulfide), antimony, or charcoal, and is applied around the eyes to enhance their appearance and protect them.
English – Kohl
Urdu – Surma (سرمہ)
Hindi – Surma (सुरमा), Kajal (काजल)
Arabic – Kuhl or Kohl (كحل)
Persian (Farsi) – Sormeh (سرمه)
Punjabi – Surma (ਸੁਰਮਾ)
Bengali – Surma (সুরমা)
Pashto – Surma (سُرمه)
Malay / Indonesian – Celak
HEALTH BENEFITS:
Religious and spiritual benefits:
In Islam, using Kohl made from ithmid is considered Sunnah (recommended practice of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ).
Beautifies the eyes
Makes the eyes look darker, sharper, and more defined.
Protects from dust and sunlight
Acts as a natural barrier against harsh environmental elements.
Soothes tired eyes
Some types contain cooling herbs or oils that relax the eyes.
Believed to improve eyesight
Especially in traditional medicine, like Unani and Ayurveda.
Prevents eye infections
Some homemade or herbal versions are thought to have antibacterial properties.
Used as a sun-block for eyes
Especially in desert regions, Kohl was used to reduce glare from the sun.
Protects from the evil eye (nazar)
Common belief in many cultures, especially for babies and young children.
SIDE EFFECTS:
Blocked tear ducts
Heavy or frequent use may block tear ducts, especially in babies.
Allergic reactions
Some people may be allergic to ingredients like herbs, oils, or chemicals used in surma.
Blurred vision
Thick or poorly made surma may temporarily blur your eyesight after applying.
Toxic buildup in the body
Long-term use of contaminated surma can lead to a buildup of harmful substances like lead or antimony in the blood.
HOW TO USE:
1. Powder Form (Traditional Surma)
What You Need:
Surma powder
Applicator stick (Salai) or clean cotton bud
Steps:
Wash your hands and face.
Dip the clean applicator lightly into the powder.
Tap off extra powder.
Gently pull down the lower eyelid.
Glide the stick on the inner waterline of the lower eyelid.
Close eyes for a moment to let it spread evenly.
Clean the applicator after use.
2. Kohl Pencil (Modern Kajal Stick)
What You Need:
Kohl pencil (retractable or sharpenable)
Steps:
- Wash your hands and face.
- Gently pull down the lower eyelid.
- Draw a line along the lower lash line or waterline.
- Optional: Apply to the upper eyelid or lash line for a bolder look.
- Cap the pencil after use to keep it clean.
3. Liquid Kohl (Eyeliner Style)
What You Need:
Liquid kohl eyeliner with a brush or felt tip
Steps:
Wash your hands and face.
Use the brush or tip to draw a smooth line along the upper lash line.
Let it dry for a few seconds.
Optional: Apply to lower lash line (avoid inner waterline if it stings).
Close tightly to prevent drying out.
Precautions:
- Don’t use too much—just a thin layer is enough.
- Use only lead-free or medically approved surma.
- Avoid applying surma if your eyes are already irritated or infected.
- Don’t use on babies unless advised by a doctor.
